The general gas equation, PV = nRT, is a fundamental equation that relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of a gas. It can be derived from Boyle's, Charles's, and Avogadro's laws by considering different variables held constant. This equation is crucial in understanding the behavior of gases and can be used to calculate various properties such as molar mass and density of gases.
What is the ideal gas equation?
The ideal gas equation is represented as PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature.
How can the ideal gas equation be derived from Boyle's, Charles's, and Avogadro's laws?
The ideal gas equation can be derived by combining Boyle's law (PV = k), Charles's law (V = kT), and Avogadro's law (V = kn) when different variables are held constant.
What does the general gas constant R represent in the ideal gas equation?
The general gas constant R in the ideal gas equation represents the proportionality constant that relates the pressure, volume, number of moles, and temperature of an ideal gas.
How is the ideal gas equation reduced to Boyle's law?
The ideal gas equation is reduced to Boyle's law (PV = k) when the number of moles and temperature are held constant, resulting in the inverse relationship between pressure and volume.
What is the significance of Avogadro's law in the context of the ideal gas equation?
Avogadro's law states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain an equal number of molecules, which is reflected in the ideal gas equation (PV = nRT).
Which gas law relates gas volume with temperature?
a) Boyle's Law
b) Charles's Law
c) Avogadro's Law
d) Dalton's Law
Answer: b) Charles's Law
What is the relationship between pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles in the ideal gas equation?
a) PV = nRT
b) PV = RT/n
c) PV = T/nR
d) PV = R/nT
Answer: a) PV = nRT
Which law states that equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain an equal number of molecules?
a) Boyle's Law
b) Charles's Law
c) Avogadro's Law
d) Dalton's Law
Answer: c) Avogadro's Law
Which scientist contributed to the kinetic molecular theory of gases by studying the distribution of energies among gas molecules?
a) Bernoulli
b) Clausius
c) Maxwell
d) Boltzmann
Answer:d) Boltzmann
Which law can be used to calculate the partial pressures of gases in a mixture?
a) Boyle's Law
b) Charles's Law
c) Dalton's Law
d) Avogadro's Law
Answer: c) Dalton's Law