Cloning Process:
The cloning of a gene involves producing many identical copies of a specific gene using recombinant DNA
technology. This process requires a gene of interest, molecular scissors to cut out the gene, a vector to place
the gene, and an expression system to create the desired product.
Recombinant DNA Technology:
Recombinant DNA technology, also known as genetic engineering, aims at synthesizing recombinant DNA by combining
DNA from two different sources. This technology allows for the alteration of genotypes and phenotypes in plants
and animals, as well as gene therapy in humans to repair faulty genes undergoing clinical trials.
What is the significance of cloning animals that secrete a product in biotechnology?
Cloning animals that secrete a product in biotechnology allows for the production of identical copies of these valuable animals, ensuring consistent and reliable output of the desired product.
How was the first cloned adult vertebrate named and what was the significance of this achievement?
The first cloned adult vertebrate was named Dolly, and this achievement demonstrated that adult animals could indeed be cloned, opening up new possibilities in genetic engineering.
What is the preferred method for obtaining identical copies of animals engineered to produce biotechnology products?
The preferred method for obtaining identical copies of animals engineered to produce biotechnology products is asexual reproduction through cloning, ensuring genetic consistency in the offspring.
How does the process of cloning an adult vertebrate differ from traditional reproduction methods?
Cloning an adult vertebrate involves reactivating all genes in the adult cells to ensure normal development, a process that was previously thought to be impossible before the successful cloning of Dolly the sheep.
What is the role of recombinant DNA technology in cloning a gene?
Recombinant DNA technology is essential in cloning a gene as it allows for the synthesis of recombinant DNA containing DNA from two different sources, enabling the production of large quantities of the desired gene.
What is the main purpose of cloning a gene?
a) To produce different genes
b) To create identical copies
c) To eliminate genes
d) To alter the gene structure
Answer: b) To create identical copies
Which technology is used to produce a large quantity of a gene?
a) PCR
b) Gene therapy
c) Recombinant DNA technology
d) Gene synthesis
Answer: c) Recombinant DNA technology
What is the significance of recombinant DNA technology in cloning a gene?
a) To reduce gene copies
b) To introduce foreign DNA
c) To prevent gene cloning
d) To limit gene expression
Answer: b) To introduce foreign DNA
How are identical copies of a gene produced in a laboratory test tube?
a) Through gene therapy
b) Via PCR
c) Using recombinant DNA technology
d) By synthesizing genes
Answer: b) Via PCR
Which enzyme is essential for cutting DNA at specific sites during gene cloning?
a) Polymerase
b) Ligase
c) Restriction endonuclease
d) Reverse transcriptase
Answer: c) Restriction endonuclease